Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data

Internet of Things:
IoT concept was first said in mid 1990’s by Kevin Ashton, The co-founder and executive director of MIT’s Auto-ID lab. (Rayport, 2013) 

“The predictable pathways of information are changing: the physical world itself is becoming a type of information system. In what’s called the Internet of Things, sensors and actuators embedded in physical objects—from roadways to pacemakers—are linked through wired and wireless networks, often using the same Internet Protocol (IP) that connects the Internet. These networks churn out huge volumes of data that flow to computers for analysis. When objects can both sense the environment and communicate, they become tools for understanding complexity and responding to it swiftly. What’s revolutionary in all this is that these physical information systems are now beginning to be deployed, and some of them even work largely without human intervention.” (Chui, 2010)

Big Data:
When you consider all these collected data from the existing web sites, huge companies’ databases and “things” connected to Internet, this should make you scare. Because these data is as complex as you can handle if you don’t use how to harvest and how to convert them into meaningful information. “Big data” concept is a fresh topic because in nowadays industries there are many field that can be analyzed and measured so that you can benefit from the outputs.
I will analyze telecommunication industry which I was working for. Mobile operators provide services for the customers to communicate each other. And all the service providers used to focus on voice and SMS in last decade. Nowadays they realized that all the “things” need to be connected to internet. Then “data” concept became a priority. Besides, number of the things connected to internet is rapidly increasing as it is showed in below graphic:



As it is increasingly huge, the service providers needed to focus more on “data”. Hence their way of doing business had to change completely. Their way of marketing services had to change as well. Beyond all, the main target group is shifted accordingly. With the IoT, many new markets occurred. Some of them are vehicle tracking systems, remote meter reading systems and home automation systems. This means that most of the cars are connected to internet. Most of the houses can report its electricity consumption automatically and so on. When you sum all the numbers of cars, houses and industrial devices that can be connected internet wirelessly or wired, it will give you the size of the market. This shows us the size of the market is as huge as we cannot measure precisely. To understand the size of it one step more, we can see the microprocessors produced every year. “There are about 25 billion microprocessors made every year, compared to about one billion mobile phones. So we’re talking about a potential constituency that is 25 times larger than the current cellular market.”  (James Collier)
The service providers will move their marketing target group from individuals to enterprises. The business model harmony will be shuffled again between B2C and B2B. So, the companies should create new departments to understand needs of B2B market and create marketing strategies and technologies accordingly.

This growth in industry and retail market will require big data storages and wide wireless coverage and reliability. Hence, for the service providers the data infrastructure and network architecture will need to be extended, upgraded and renewed.

When it comes to financial perspective, the situation is not very different. You might remember that Google acquired Nest which is mainly focused on smart thermostats connected to internet for $3,2 billion. Google took a step. The biggest companies somehow have to convert their technology with the data coming from IoT similarly. The situation is the same for the mobile operators. They need to have know-how of harvesting the “bit data” they have. This means that they have to separate really big amounts of budgets to make meaningful information that they can leverage their business against their competitors.
As data conveyors, telecom operators can provide the data that they collected for the specific industries to have advantage in marketing investments. Thus, telecom operators should know how to mine and create meaningful data for each industries that they want to sell data. As an example to this, Google is a company which provides search engine service to the web users. But when you look in business model point of view, Google is a “Big Data” company. Google is making money from its advertisement services. And what makes Google good advertisement platform is its technical ability to provide the “big data” as useful information for the advertisers to find their particular segmented target group.

In management perspective, action plans could be as follows:
Technology: When the data getting bigger, managing that is being more difficult. The only thing to achieve this chaos is creating new tools and software. When you have right tools and technology growing amount of data will be opportunity for you instead of chaos. The telecom operators should have the technology infrastructure that they can build new business connections with new and emerging industries.

People: If you are in emerging market, you will have to fight against smart competitors. It means even if you have enough technology, you will have to increase and innovate your technology in handy as well. You will need to leverage data to meaningful information and so on. In this point, you will need to business analysts and human resources to automate these converting processes. The telecom operators should discover new fields where their potential customers needs meaningful data or connectivity options for their devices.

Bibliography
Chui, M. (2010). The Internet of Things. McKinsey .
Davenport, T.. What Makes Big Data Projects Succeed. http://blogs.hbr.org/: http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/03/what-makes-big-data-projects-succeed/ adresinden alınmıştır
James Collier, F. a. . MNOs will not make the IoT connection. http://www.telecoms.com/: http://www.telecoms.com/163802/mnos-will-not-make-the-iot-connection/
Rayport, J. F. (2013). Advertising and the Internet of Things. Harward Business Review.

 (Davenport, 2014) http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/03/what-makes-big-data-projects-succeed/